28. Income and expense from equity investments
Income and expense from equity investments, which amounted to €116 million (€106 million in 2015), can be broken down as follows:
| Download XLS (16 kB) | 
(€ million)  | 
      2015  | 
      2016  | 
    
Equity method valuation effect  | 
      
  | 
      
  | 
    
Capital gains from valuation using the equity method  | 
      106  | 
      140  | 
    
Capital losses from valuation using the equity method  | 
      
  | 
      (24)  | 
    
  | 
      106  | 
      116  | 
    
Details of capital gains and capital losses from the valuation of equity investments using the equity method can be found in Note 14 “Equity-accounted investments”.